Hidradenitis suppurativa
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Hidradenitis suppurativa (stopnja I) v pazduho. To je zelo blag primer Hidradenitis suppurativa.
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ReferencesHidradenitis suppurativa je kronična kožna bolezen, ki se nenehno ponavlja in lahko resno vpliva na vaše življenje. Povzroča jo vnetje lasnih mešičkov in pogosto vodi do bakterijskih okužb. Zdravniki jo običajno diagnosticirajo tako, da pregledajo vrste ran (kot so vozliči, abscesi ali sinusni trakti), njihovo lokacijo (običajno v kožnih gubah) ter pogostost ponovitve in trajanje posameznih izbruhov.
Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic, recurrent, and debilitating skin condition. It is an inflammatory disorder of the follicular epithelium, but secondary bacterial infection can often occur. The diagnosis is made clinically based on typical lesions (nodules, abscesses, sinus tracts), locations (skin folds), and nature of relapses and chronicity.
Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic, recurrent, and debilitating skin condition. It is an inflammatory disorder of the follicular epithelium, but secondary bacterial infection can often occur. The diagnosis is made clinically based on typical lesions (nodules, abscesses, sinus tracts), locations (skin folds), and nature of relapses and chronicity.
Nebiološka in neproceduralna zdravljenja se običajno uporabljajo samostojno pri blagih oblikah bolezni, lahko pa se kombinirajo z biološko terapijo in operacijo pri zmernih do hudih oblikah. Nedavne študije zagotavljajo dodatne dokaze o učinkovitosti kortikosteroidov, injiciranih neposredno v lezije, pri izbruhih HS in lokaliziranih lezijah. Obstajajo tudi dokazi, da je uporaba samih tetraciklinov lahko enako učinkovita kot kombinacija klindamicina in rifampicina.
Non-biologic and non-procedural treatments are often used as monotherapy for mild disease and can be used in conjunction with biologic therapy and surgery for moderate to severe disease. Recent studies highlighted in this review add support for the use of intralesional corticosteroids for HS flares and localized lesions, and there is evidence that monotherapy with tetracyclines may be as effective as the clindamycin/rifampicin combination.
Non-biologic and non-procedural treatments are often used as monotherapy for mild disease and can be used in conjunction with biologic therapy and surgery for moderate to severe disease. Recent studies highlighted in this review add support for the use of intralesional corticosteroids for HS flares and localized lesions, and there is evidence that monotherapy with tetracyclines may be as effective as the clindamycin/rifampicin combination.
Za hidradenitis suppurativa se uporabljajo številna zdravljenja, vključno z antibiotiki, retinoidi, antiandrogeni, zdravili za zaviranje imunskega sistema, protivnetnimi zdravili in radioterapijo za zgodnje lezije. Najbolj priporočeni načini zdravljenja sta adalimumab in laserska terapija. Operacija, bodisi preprosta ekscizija ali popolna lokalna ekscizija s presaditvijo kože, je najprimernejša možnost za hude, napredovale primere, ki se ne odzivajo dobro na druga zdravljenja.
Many treatments are used for hidradenitis suppurativa, including antibiotics, retinoids, antiandrogens, immune-suppressing drugs, anti-inflammatory medications, and radiotherapy for early lesions. The top recommended treatments are adalimumab and laser therapy. Surgery, either simple excision or complete local excision with skin grafting, is the preferred option for severe, advanced cases that don't respond well to other treatments.
Many treatments are used for hidradenitis suppurativa, including antibiotics, retinoids, antiandrogens, immune-suppressing drugs, anti-inflammatory medications, and radiotherapy for early lesions. The top recommended treatments are adalimumab and laser therapy. Surgery, either simple excision or complete local excision with skin grafting, is the preferred option for severe, advanced cases that don't respond well to other treatments.
Natančen vzrok običajno ni jasen, vendar se verjame, da vključuje kombinacijo genetskih in okoljskih dejavnikov. Približno tretjina ljudi s to boleznijo ima prizadetega družinskega člana. Drugi dejavniki tveganja so debelost in kajenje. Stanje ni posledica okužbe ali slabe higiene.
Učinkovitega zdravila ni. Odpiranje lezij, da bi odtekle, ne prinese bistvenih koristi. Čeprav se antibiotiki pogosto uporabljajo, je dokazov za njihovo učinkovitost malo. Lahko se poskusi tudi z imunosupresivnimi zdravili. Pri bolnikih s hujšo obliko je lahko izvedljiva laserska terapija ali operacija za odstranitev prizadete kože. Redko se lahko kožna lezija razvije v kožni rak.
Če upoštevamo blage primere hidradenitis suppurativa, je ocena njegove pogostnosti 1–4 % populacije. Ženske imajo trikrat večjo verjetnost, da bodo diagnosticirane, kot moški. Bolezen se običajno začne v mlajši odrasli dobi.